Amazon DOP-C01 Quiz 28 Topic 7 Questions 136-140

Question: 1

A company uses AWS CodePipeline to manage and deploy infrastructure as code. The infrastructure is defined in AWS CloudFormation templates and is primarily comprised of multiple Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon RDS databases. The Security team has observed many operators creating inbound security group rules with a source CIDR of 0 0 0 0/0 and would like to proactively stop the deployment of rules with open CIDRs

The DevOps Engineer will implement a predeptoyment step that runs some security checks over the CloudFormation template before the pipeline processes it. This check should allow only inbound security group rules with a source CIDR of 0.0.0.0/0 if the rule has the description "Security Approval Ref XXXXX (where XXXXX is a preallocated reference). The pipeline step should fail if this condition is not met and the deployment should be blocked

How should this be accomplished?

AEnable a SCP in AWS Organizations. The policy should deny access to the API call Create Security GroupRule if the rule specifies 0.0.0.0/0 without a description referencing a security approval

BAdd an initial stage to CodePipeline called Security Check. This stage should call an AWS Lambda function that scans the CloudFormation template and fails the pipeline if it finds 0.0.0.0/0 in a security group without a description referencing a security approval

CCreate an AWS Config rule that is triggered on creation or edit of resource type EC2 SecurityGroup. This rule should call an AWS Lambda function to send a failure notification if the security group has any rules with a source CIDR of 0.0.0.0/0 without a description referencing a security approval.

DModify the IAM role used by CodePipeline. The IAM policy should deny access.

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Question: 2

A web application has been deployed using an AWS Elastic Beanstalk application The Application Developers are concerned that they are seeing high latency in two different areas of the application: HTTP client requests to a third-party API MySQL client library queries to an Amazon RDS database A DevOps Engineer must gather trace data to diagnose the issues. Which steps will gather the trace information with the LEAST amount of changes and performance impacts to the application?

AAdd additional logging to the application code. Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to stream the application logs into Amazon Elasticsearch Service. Query the log data in Amazon ES.

BInstrument the application to use the AWS X-Ray SDK. Post trace data to an Amazon Elasticsearch Service cluster. Query the trace data for calls to the HTTP client and the MySQL client.

COn the AWS Elastic Beanstalk management page for the application, enable the AWS X-Ray daemon. View the trace data in the X-Ray console.

DInstrument the application using the AWS X-Ray SDK. On the AWS Elastic Beanstalk management page for the application, enable the X-Ray daemon. View the trace data in the X-Ray console.

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Question: 3

A company has developed a static website hosted on an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is deployed using AWS CloudFormation. The CloudFormation template defines an S3 bucket and a custom resource that copies content into the bucket from a source location. The company has decided that it needs to move the website to a new location, so the existing CloudFormation stack must be deleted and re-created. However, CloudFormation reports that the stack could not be deleted cleanly. What is the MOST likely cause and how can the DevOps Engineer mitigate this problem for this and future versions of the website?

ADeletion has failed because the S3 bucket has an active website configuration. Modify the CloudFormation template to remove the Website Configuration property from the S3 bucket resource.

BDeletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the custom resource's AWS Lambda function code to recursively empty the bucket when is Delete. RequestType

CDeletion has failed because the custom resource does not define a deletion policy. Add a Deletion Policy property to the custom resource definition with a value of RemoveOnDeletion.

DDeletion has failed because the S3 bucket is not empty. Modify the S3 bucket resource in the CloudFormation template to add a Deletion Policy property with a value of Empty.

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Question: 4

A DevOps Engineer must automate a weekly process of identifying unnecessary permissions on a per-user basis, across all users in an AWS account. This process should evaluate the permissions currently granted to each user by examining the user's attached IAM access policies compared to the permissions the user has actually used in the past 90 days. Any differences in the comparison would indicate that the user has more permissions than are required. A report of the deltas should be sent to the Information Security team for further review and IAM user access policy revisions, as required. Which solution is fully automated and will produce the MOST detailed deltas report?

ACreate an AWS Lambda function that calls the IAM Access Advisor API to pull service permissions granted on a user-by-user basis for all users in the AWS account. Ensure that Access Advisor is configured with a tracking period of 90 days. Invoke the Lambda function using an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule on a weekly schedule. For each record, by user, by service, if the Access Advisor Last Accesses field indicates a day count instead of 'Not accesses in the tracking period,' this indicates a delta compared to what is in the user's currently attached access polices. After Lambda has iterated through all users in the AWS account, configure it to generate a report and send the report using Amazon SES.

BConfigure an AWS CloudTrail trail that spans all AWS Regions and all read/write events, and point this trail to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create Amazon Athena table and specify the S3 bucket ARN in the CREATE TABLE query. Create an AWS Lambda function that accesses the Athena table using the SDK, which performs a SELECT, ensuring that the WHERE clause includes userIdentity, eventName, and eventTime. Compare the results against the user's currently attached IAM access policies to determine any deltas. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule to automate this process to run once a week. Configure Amazon SES to send a consolidated report to the Information Security team.

CConfigure VPC Flow Logs on all subnets across all VPCs in all regions to capture user traffic across the entire account. Ensure that all logs are being sent to a centralized Amazon S3 bucket, so all flow logs can be consolidated and aggregated. Create an AWS Lambda function that is triggered once a week by an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule. Ensure that the Lambda function parses the flow log files for the following information: IAM user ID, subnet ID, VPC ID, Allow/Reject status per API call, and service name. Then have the function determine the deltas on a user-by-user basis. Configure the Lambda function to send the consolidated report using Amazon SES.

DCreate an Amazon ES cluster and note its endpoint URL, which will be provided as an environment variable into a Lambda function. Configure an Amazon S3 event on a AWS CloudTrail trail destination S3 bucket and ensure that the event is configured to send to a Lambda function. Create the Lambda function to consume the events, parse the input from JSON, and transform it to an Amazon ES document format. POST the documents to the Amazon ES cluster's endpoint by way of the passed-in environment variable. Make sure that the proper indexing exists in Amazon ES and use Apache Lucene queries to parse the permissions on a user-by-user basis. Export the deltas into a report and have Amazon ES send the reports to the Information Security team using Amazon SES every week.

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Question: 5

A DevOps Engineer is designing a deployment strategy for a web application. The application will use an Auto Scaling group to launch Amazon EC2 instances using an AMI. The same infrastructure will be deployed in multiple environments (development, test, and quality assurance). The deployment strategy should meet the following requirements: " Minimize the startup time for the instance " Allow the same AMI to work in multiple environments " Store secrets for multiple environments securely

How should this be accomplished?

APreconfigure the AMI using an AWS Lambda function that launches an Amazon EC2 instance, and then runs a script to install the software and create the AMI. Configure an Auto Scaling lifecycle hook to determine which environment the instance is launched in, and, based on that finding, run a configuration script. Save the secrets on an .ini file and store them in Amazon S3. Retrieve the secrets using a configuration script in EC2 user data.

BPreconfigure the AMI by installing all the software using AWS Systems Manager automation and configure Auto Scaling to tag the instances at launch with their specific environment. Then use a bootstrap script in user data to read the tags and configure settings for the environment. Use the AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store to store the secrets using AWS KMS.

CUse a standard AMI from the AWS Marketplace. Configure Auto Scaling to detect the current environment. Install the software using a script in Amazon EC2 user data. Use AWS Secrets Manager to store the credentials for all environments.

DPreconfigure the AMI by installing all the software and configuration for all environments. Configure Auto Scaling to tag the instances at launch with their environment. Use the Amazon EC2 user data to trigger an AWS Lambda function that reads the instance ID and then reconfigures the setting for the proper environment. Use the AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store to store the secrets using AWS KMS.

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Amazon DOP-C01 Quiz:28 Topic:7 Questions:136-140